2024年7月18日 星期一 19:43:55

预防马铃薯疮痂病

        马铃薯疮痂病病原是疮痂链霉菌,属放线菌,主要危害马铃薯块茎,在块茎表面上先产生褐色小点,扩大后形成褐色圆形或不规则形大斑块,摸质感粗糙。通常病斑虽然仅限于皮层,但被害薯块质量和产量仍可降低,不耐贮藏,且病薯外观不雅,商品品级大为下降,造成一定的经济损失。
        危害症状马铃薯块茎表面先产生褐色小点,扩大后形成褐色圆形或不规则形大斑块。因产生大量木栓化细胞致表面粗糙,后期中央稍凹陷或凸起呈疮痂状硬斑块。病斑仅限于皮部,不深入薯内,别于粉痂病。
        传播途径病菌在土壤中腐生或在病薯上越冬。块茎生长的早期表皮木栓化之前,病菌从皮孔或伤口侵入后染病,当块茎表面木栓化后,侵入则较困难。病薯长出的植株极易发病,健薯播入带菌土壤中也能发病。
        发病条件适合该病发生的温度为25℃~30℃,中性或微碱性砂壤土发病重,pH5.2以下很少发病。品种间抗病性有差异,白色薄皮品种易感病,褐色厚皮品种较抗病。
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